The evolution in computing horsepower is more of everything--first it was more gigahertz, then more cores, and on top of that, more bits for the integer registers inside the CPU. Whereas 32-bit registers have been the historical norm, 64-bit processors are taking over. A CPU with 64-bit registers can address much more RAM than can a 32-bit CPU, which is a big advantage to programs that require large amounts of memory. Today's Intel Core 2 Duo are 64-bit chips, as but one example. OS X, however, is not yet a fully 64-bit operating system. With the introduction of OS X 10.4, you could run some programs in Terminal in 64-bit mode. Things changed with 10.5, when support was added to allow some 64-bit applications in the GUI, assuming the program has been coded to work in 64-bit mode. (Things will change even more in OS X 10.6...
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